Second quarter net earnings of $85.8 million, or $0.73 per diluted share
Consolidated core EBITDA of $224.4 million; core EBITDA margin of 12.1%
Downstream contract awards rebounded to the highest quarterly level in nearly two years, signaling strength in the pipeline ahead of the upcoming construction season
North America and Europe Steel Groups achieved meaningful year-over-year improvements in controllable costs per ton of finished steel shipped, contributing positively to financial performance
Europe Steel Group operating results (excluding energy rebates) improved sequentially; market supply and demand in better balance
Continued progress on strategic growth initiatives; Arizona 2 successfully produced and sold merchant bar product, marking a global micro mill steelmaking first
IRVING, Texas, March 21, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Commercial Metals Company (NYSE: CMC) today announced financial results for its fiscal second quarter ended February 29, 2024. Net earnings were $85.8 million, or $0.73 per diluted share, on net sales of $1.8 billion, compared to prior year period net earnings of $179.8 million, or $1.51 per diluted share, on net sales of $2.0 billion.
During the second quarter of fiscal 2024, the Company recorded a net after-tax charge of $17.2 million related to commissioning efforts at the Arizona 2 micro mill. Excluding this item, second quarter adjusted earnings were $103.1 million, or $0.88 per diluted share, compared to adjusted earnings of $171.3 million, or $1.44 per diluted share, in the prior year period. Prior year period adjustments included a $5.5 million after-tax charge related to commissioning efforts at the Arizona 2 micro mill, as well as a $14.0 million after-tax benefit that was reflected within Corporate and Other related to a New Market Tax Credit Settlement associated with CMC's Steel Oklahoma micro mill. "Adjusted EBITDA," "core EBITDA," "core EBITDA margin," "adjusted earnings" and "adjusted earnings per diluted share" are non-GAAP financial measures. Details, including a reconciliation of each such non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable measure prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, can be found in the financial tables that follow.
Peter Matt, President and Chief Executive Officer, said, "CMC generated historically strong financial results during the second quarter despite seasonal weakness and challenging weather conditions in several key geographies. Core EBITDA and core EBITDA margin remained well above long-term averages, demonstrating the ability to consistently generate higher margins in our business. We continued to see good fundamentals within our North American markets, highlighted by several encouraging developments during the quarter. Steel product margins over scrap exited the quarter on an upward trajectory, which provides a solid baseline for continued strong margins into the seasonally robust third and fourth quarters. Additionally, new contract awards in our downstream business rebounded sharply, pointing to strength in the construction pipeline, and driving a sequential quarter increase in project backlog volumes."
Mr. Matt added, "Market conditions for our Europe Steel Group have shown some improvement in recent months, which we believe is a function of stabilizing demand and supply rationalizations. This more supportive market backdrop combined with excellent cost performance drove a substantial improvement in operating results, excluding energy rebates, compared to recent quarters. While conditions in Europe remain difficult, a combination of improving economic data and government sponsored investment could bolster Polish market demand in the quarters ahead."
"During the second quarter, we continued to invest and build for the future. In January, our new Arizona 2 plant became the first micro mill in the world to roll merchant bar quality (MBQ) product. Commissioning of MBQ continues to progress well, and we have successfully produced and sold several product varieties. Based on our current outlook for production mix and volume levels, the plant is anticipated to achieve EBITDA breakeven results by the end of the fiscal year. Site improvements at our Steel West Virginia micro mill are nearing completion. Initial equipment deliveries are scheduled for the spring and early summer, and we expect to remain on plan for a start-up in late calendar 2025. These projects, together with our recent acquisitions, position us to take advantage of favorable structural trends powering domestic construction, and are expected to drive strong future growth in earnings, cash flow, and shareholder value," Matt concluded.
The Company's balance sheet and liquidity position remained strong. As of February 29, 2024, cash and cash equivalents totaled $638.3 million, with available liquidity of nearly $1.5 billion. During the quarter, CMC repurchased 945,205 shares of common stock valued at $47.9 million in the aggregate. As of February 29, 2024, $510.4 million remained available under the current share repurchase authorization.
On March 20, 2024, the board of directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.18 per share of CMC common stock payable to stockholders of record on April 1, 2024, which will represent an increase of approximately 13% from the prior dividend paid in February 2024. The dividend to be paid on April 10, 2024, marks the 238th consecutive quarterly payment by the Company.
Business Segments - Fiscal Second Quarter 2024 Review Demand for CMC's finished steel products in North America continued to be healthy during the quarter. Solid construction activity supported a 4.9% year-over-year increase in total North America Steel Group rebar shipments, a measure that includes rebar sold directly from mills as well as fabricated product shipped from CMC's downstream facilities. The construction pipeline remained historically strong with a large number of potential projects. The rate of new contract awards improved significantly, marking the strongest second quarter on record, and driving an 11% sequential increase in downstream backlog volumes. Demand from industrial end markets, which is important for merchant products, was in-line with the prior year's second quarter.
Adjusted EBITDA for the North America Steel Group decreased to $222.3 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2024 from $274.2 million in the prior year period. The earnings reduction was driven by lower margins over scrap costs on steel and downstream products, partially offset by meaningful improvements in controllable cost performance. The adjusted EBITDA margin for the North America Steel Group of 15.0% compares to 18.2% in the prior year period.
North America Steel Group shipment volumes of finished steel, which include steel products and downstream products, increased 3.6% year-over-year. The average selling price for steel products decreased $80 per ton compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2023, while the cost of scrap utilized increased $33 per ton, resulting in a year-over-year decrease in steel products margin over scrap of $113 per ton. The average selling price for downstream products declined by $63 per ton from the prior year period.
Europe market conditions improved during the second quarter in comparison to recent quarters, but long-steel consumption remained below historical levels. Regional long steel producers took significant actions to rationalize supply, while inventories across the supply chain were reduced. As a result, product markets were in better balance, allowing both selling prices and metal margins to increase. The Europe Steel Group reported an adjusted EBITDA loss of $8.6 million, marking a meaningful improvement from the prior two quarters which, excluding energy rebates of approximately $66 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2024, averaged losses of approximately $30 million. On a sequential basis, financial results benefited from higher margins over scrap and lower controllable costs per ton. Europe Steel Group's average selling price increased $40 per ton from the first quarter of fiscal 2024, while scrap costs increased by $29 per ton, leading to a $11 per ton margin expansion.
Emerging Businesses Group second quarter net sales of $156.0 million represented an increase of 1.6% from the prior year period, driven largely by the addition of CMC Anchoring Systems. Adjusted EBITDA for the Group of $17.9 million was down 32% compared to the prior year period. Both net sales and adjusted EBITDA were negatively impacted by severe weather across much of the United States that caused project delays for geogrid and Geopier(R) solutions, as well as reduced activity in CMC's Texas-focused Construction Solutions business. Additionally, delayed starts on several key projects hindered financial performance within regions outside of North America. These factors more than offset the positive impacts from the addition of CMC Anchoring Systems and strong profitability within the Company's heat-treating operations. Setting aside weather disruptions, demand conditions in our North American markets remained solid during the quarter. Adjusted EBITDA margin of 11.5% represented a decline of 580 basis points relative to the prior year period.
Outlook Mr. Matt said, "Finished steel shipments within our North America Steel Group are expected to follow a typical seasonal pattern during the third quarter, while adjusted EBITDA margin should be largely stable on a sequential basis. Conditions in Europe are expected to remain challenging, but adjusted EBITDA is anticipated to approach breakeven levels during the third quarter. Financial results for our Emerging Businesses Group should improve meaningfully, driven by the normal seasonal uptick in demand, strong underlying market fundamentals and a healthy order book."
Mr. Matt added, "We continue to expect robust spring and summer construction activity driven by increased infrastructure investments, which we anticipate will support an already strong demand backdrop in both the North America Steel Group and the Emerging Businesses Group. Business conditions for our Europe Steel Group are slowly improving, and should further benefit from increased residential construction activity as a government program aimed at first-time homebuyers, and other government sponsored investment programs, begin to impact steel demand."
Conference Call CMC invites you to listen to a live broadcast of its second quarter fiscal 2024 conference call today, Thursday, March 21, 2024, at 11:00 a.m. ET. Peter Matt, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Paul Lawrence, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, will host the call. The call is accessible via our website at www.cmc.com. In the event you are unable to listen to the live broadcast, the call will be archived and available for replay on our website on the next business day. Financial and statistical information presented in the broadcast are located on CMC's website under "Investors."
About CMC CMC is an innovative solutions provider helping build a stronger, safer, and more sustainable world. Through an extensive manufacturing network principally located in the United States and Central Europe, we offer products and technologies to meet the critical reinforcement needs of the global construction sector. CMC's solutions support construction across a wide variety of applications, including infrastructure, non-residential, residential, industrial, and energy generation and transmission.
Forward-Looking Statements This news release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws with respect to general economic conditions, key macro-economic drivers that impact our business, the effects of ongoing trade actions, the effects of continued pressure on the liquidity of our customers, potential synergies and organic growth provided by acquisitions and strategic investments, demand for our products, shipment volumes, metal margins, the ability to operate our steel mills at full capacity, future availability and cost of supplies of raw materials and energy for our operations, growth rates in certain segments, product margins within our Emerging Businesses Group, share repurchases, legal proceedings, construction activity, international trade, the impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, capital expenditures, tax credits, our liquidity and our ability to satisfy future liquidity requirements, estimated contractual obligations, the expected capabilities and benefits of new facilities, the timeline for execution of our growth plan and our expectations or beliefs concerning future events. The statements in this release that are not historical statements, are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements can generally be identified by phrases such as we or our management "expects," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates," "future," "intends," "may," "plans to," "ought," "could," "will," "should," "likely," "appears," "projects," "forecasts," "outlook" or other similar words or phrases, as well as by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions.
The Company's forward-looking statements are based on management's expectations and beliefs as of the time this news release was prepared. Although we believe that our expectations are reasonable, we can give no assurance that these expectations will prove to have been correct, and actual results may vary materially. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update, amend or clarify any forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events, new information or circumstances or any other changes. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations include those described in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including, but not limited to, in Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" of our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2023, as well as the following: changes in economic conditions which affect demand for our products or construction activity generally, and the impact of such changes on the highly cyclical steel industry; rapid and significant changes in the price of metals, potentially impairing our inventory values due to declines in commodity prices or reducing the profitability of downstream contracts within our vertically integrated steel operations due to rising commodity pricing; excess capacity in our industry, particularly in China, and product availability from competing steel mills and other steel suppliers including import quantities and pricing; the impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on the global economy, inflation, energy supplies and raw materials; increased attention to environmental, social and governance ("ESG") matters, including any targets or other ESG or environmental justice initiatives; operating and startup risks, as well as market risks associated with the commissioning of new projects could prevent us from realizing anticipated benefits and could result in a loss of all or a substantial part of our investments; impacts from global public health crises on the economy, demand for our products, global supply chain and on our operations; compliance with and changes in existing and future laws, regulations and other legal requirements and judicial decisions that govern our business, including increased environmental regulations associated with climate change and greenhouse gas emissions; involvement in various environmental matters that may result in fines, penalties or judgments; evolving remediation technology, changing regulations, possible third-party contributions, the inherent uncertainties of the estimation process and other factors that may impact amounts accrued for environmental liabilities; potential limitations in our or our customers' abilities to access credit and non-compliance with their contractual obligations, including payment obligations; activity in repurchasing shares of our common stock under our share repurchase program; financial and non-financial covenants and restrictions on the operation of our business contained in agreements governing our debt; our ability to successfully identify, consummate and integrate acquisitions and realize any or all of the anticipated synergies or other benefits of acquisitions; the effects that acquisitions may have on our financial leverage; risks associated with acquisitions generally, such as the inability to obtain, or delays in obtaining, required approvals under applicable antitrust legislation and other regulatory and third-party consents and approvals; lower than expected future levels of revenues and higher than expected future costs; failure or inability to implement growth strategies in a timely manner; the impact of goodwill or other indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment charges; the impact of long-lived asset impairment charges; currency fluctuations; global factors, such as trade measures, military conflicts and political uncertainties, including changes to current trade regulations, such as Section 232 trade tariffs and quotas, tax legislation and other regulations which might adversely impact our business; availability and pricing of electricity, electrodes and natural gas for mill operations; our ability to hire and retain key executives and other employees; our ability to successfully execute leadership transitions; competition from other materials or from competitors that have a lower cost structure or access to greater financial resources; information technology interruptions and breaches in security; our ability to make necessary capital expenditures; availability and pricing of raw materials and other items over which we exert little influence, including scrap metal, energy and insurance; unexpected equipment failures; losses or limited potential gains due to hedging transactions; litigation claims and settlements, court decisions, regulatory rulings and legal compliance risks; risk of injury or death to employees, customers or other visitors to our operations; and civil unrest, protests and riots.
COMMERCIAL METALS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
FINANCIAL & OPERATING STATISTICS (UNAUDITED)
Three Months Ended
Six Months Ended
(in thousands, except per ton amounts)
2/29/2024
11/30/2023
8/31/2023
5/31/2023
2/28/2023
2/29/2024
2/28/2023
North America Steel Group
Net sales from external customers
$ 1,486,202
$ 1,592,650
$ 1,717,979
$ 1,818,391
$ 1,503,774
$ 3,078,852
$ 3,167,935
Adjusted EBITDA
222,294
266,820
336,843
367,561
274,240
489,114
624,027
Adjusted EBITDA margin
15.0 %
16.8 %
19.6 %
20.2 %
18.2 %
15.9 %
19.7 %
External tons shipped
Raw materials
347
374
344
409
321
721
637
Rebar
460
522
542
539
425
982
886
Merchant bar and other
234
230
215
249
235
464
478
Steel products
694
752
757
788
660
1,446
1,364
Downstream products
316
346
387
382
315
662
697
Average selling price per ton
Raw materials
$ 880
$ 783
$ 838
$ 833
$ 868
$ 829
$ 846
Steel products
905
892
932
979
985
898
1,003
Downstream products
1,358
1,389
1,428
1,452
1,421
1,374
1,409
Cost of raw materials per ton
$ 658
$ 578
$ 606
$ 619
$ 639
$ 617
$ 618
Cost of ferrous scrap utilized per ton
$ 379
$ 343
$ 338
$ 384
$ 346
$ 361
$ 335
Steel products metal margin per ton
$ 526
$ 549
$ 594
$ 595
$ 639
$ 537
$ 668
Europe Steel Group
Net sales from external customers
$ 192,500
$ 225,175
$ 273,961
$ 330,767
$ 337,560
$ 417,675
$ 724,063
Adjusted EBITDA
(8,611)
38,942
(30,081)
5,837
11,469
30,331
72,717
Adjusted EBITDA margin
(4.5) %
17.3 %
(11.0) %
1.8 %
3.4 %
7.3 %
10.0 %
External tons shipped
Rebar
64
122
151
146
183
186
387
Merchant bar and other
211
221
238
283
253
432
522
Steel products
275
343
389
429
436
618
909
Average selling price per ton
Steel products
$ 673
$ 633
$ 682
$ 753
$ 756
$ 651
$ 775
Cost of ferrous scrap utilized per ton
$ 394
$ 365
$ 398
$ 427
$ 389
$ 380
$ 377
Steel products metal margin per ton
$ 279
$ 268
$ 284
$ 326
$ 367
$ 271
$ 398
Emerging Businesses Group
Net sales from external customers
$ 155,994
$ 177,239
$ 208,559
$ 189,055
$ 153,598
$ 333,233
$ 324,132
Adjusted EBITDA
17,929
30,862
42,612
38,395
26,551
48,791
57,977
Adjusted EBITDA margin
11.5 %
17.4 %
20.4 %
20.3 %
17.3 %
14.6 %
17.9 %
COMMERCIAL METALS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
BUSINESS SEGMENTS (UNAUDITED)
Three Months Ended
Six Months Ended
(in thousands)
2/29/2024
11/30/2023
8/31/2023
5/31/2023
2/28/2023
2/29/2024
2/28/2023
Net sales from external customers
North America Steel Group
$ 1,486,202
$ 1,592,650
$ 1,717,979
$ 1,818,391
$ 1,503,774
$ 3,078,852
$ 3,167,935
Europe Steel Group
192,500
225,175
273,961
330,767
337,560
417,675
724,063
Emerging Businesses Group
155,994
177,239
208,559
189,055
153,598
333,233
324,132
Corporate and Other
13,591
7,987
8,729
6,776
23,071
21,578
29,186
Total net sales from external customers
$ 1,848,287
$ 2,003,051
$ 2,209,228
$ 2,344,989
$ 2,018,003
$ 3,851,338
$ 4,245,316
Adjusted EBITDA
North America Steel Group
$ 222,294
$ 266,820
$ 336,843
$ 367,561
$ 274,240
$ 489,114
$ 624,027
Europe Steel Group
(8,611)
38,942
(30,081)
5,837
11,469
30,331
72,717
Emerging Businesses Group
17,929
30,862
42,612
38,395
26,551
48,791
57,977
Corporate and Other
(34,512)
(30,987)
(38,171)
(37,715)
(15,573)
(65,499)
(55,298)
Total adjusted EBITDA
$ 197,100
$ 305,637
$ 311,203
$ 374,078
$ 296,687
$ 502,737
$ 699,423
COMMERCIAL METALS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS (UNAUDITED)
Three Months Ended
Six Months Ended
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
February 29, 2024
February 28, 2023
February 29, 2024
February 28, 2023
Net sales
$ 1,848,287
$ 2,018,003
$ 3,851,338
$ 4,245,316
Costs and operating expenses:
Cost of goods sold
1,552,046
1,621,763
3,156,114
3,341,177
Selling, general and administrative expenses
167,444
150,805
329,976
307,160
Interest expense
11,878
9,945
23,634
22,990
Net costs and operating expenses
1,731,368
1,782,513
3,509,724
3,671,327
Earnings before income taxes
116,919
235,490
341,614
573,989
Income taxes
31,072
55,641
79,494
132,366
Net earnings
$ 85,847
$ 179,849
$ 262,120
$ 441,623
Earnings per share:
Basic
$ 0.74
$ 1.53
$ 2.25
$ 3.77
Diluted
0.73
1.51
2.22
3.71
Cash dividends per share
$ 0.16
$ 0.16
$ 0.32
$ 0.32
Average basic shares outstanding
116,396,530
117,224,517
116,584,235
117,249,266
Average diluted shares outstanding
117,524,113
118,723,259
118,051,249
118,985,098
COMMERCIAL METALS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
February 29, 2024
August 31, 2023
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 638,261
$ 592,332
Accounts receivable (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $4,335 and $4,135)
1,118,514
1,240,217
Inventories, net
1,150,447
1,035,582
Prepaid and other current assets
290,868
276,024
Total current assets
3,198,090
3,144,155
Property, plant and equipment, net
2,474,520
2,409,360
Intangible assets, net
245,945
259,161
Goodwill
383,587
385,821
Other noncurrent assets
360,123
440,597
Total assets
$ 6,662,265
$ 6,639,094
Liabilities and stockholders' equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
$ 367,944
$ 364,390
Accrued expenses and other payables
359,015
438,811
Current maturities of long-term debt and short-term borrowings
35,588
40,513
Total current liabilities
762,547
843,714
Deferred income taxes
293,342
306,801
Other noncurrent liabilities
257,472
253,181
Long-term debt
1,126,216
1,114,284
Total liabilities
2,439,577
2,517,980
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; authorized 200,000,000 shares; issued 129,060,664 shares; outstanding 116,023,685 and 116,515,427 shares
1,290
1,290
Additional paid-in capital
389,568
394,672
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(71,519)
(3,778)
Retained earnings
4,322,008
4,097,262
Less treasury stock, 13,036,979 and 12,545,237 shares at cost
(418,900)
(368,573)
Stockholders' equity
4,222,447
4,120,873
Stockholders' equity attributable to non-controlling interests
241
241
Total stockholders' equity
4,222,688
4,121,114
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$ 6,662,265
$ 6,639,094
COMMERCIAL METALS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
Six Months Ended
(in thousands)
February 29, 2024
February 28, 2023
Cash flows from (used by) operating activities:
Net earnings
$ 262,120
$ 441,623
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash flows from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization
137,485
102,399
Stock-based compensation
23,047
33,624
Write-down of inventory
10,392
5,532
Deferred income taxes and other long-term taxes
1,901
26,930
Other
2,225
4,616
Settlement of New Markets Tax Credit transaction
-
(17,659)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions
(87,149)
(38,158)
Net cash flows from operating activities
350,021
558,907
Cash flows from (used by) investing activities:
Capital expenditures
(160,772)
(289,251)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
-
(65,153)
Other
2,312
1,802
Net cash flows used by investing activities
(158,460)
(352,602)
Cash flows from (used by) financing activities:
Repayments of long-term debt
(17,199)
(160,263)
Debt issuance costs
-
(1,800)
Debt extinguishment costs
-
(96)
Proceeds from accounts receivable facilities
38,079
74,963
Repayments under accounts receivable facilities
(45,693)
(77,843)
Treasury stock acquired
(76,347)
(66,323)
Tax withholdings related to share settlements, net of purchase plans
(9,227)
(14,789)
Dividends
(37,374)
(37,524)
Net cash flows used by financing activities
(147,761)
(283,675)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
380
6,545
Increase (decrease) in cash, restricted cash, and cash equivalents
44,180
(70,825)
Cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
595,717
679,243
Cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$ 639,897
$ 608,418
Supplemental information:
Cash paid for income taxes
$ 86,506
$ 114,585
Cash paid for interest
24,260
35,036
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 638,261
$ 603,966
Restricted cash
1,636
4,452
Total cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents
$ 639,897
$ 608,418
COMMERCIAL METALS COMPANY NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES (UNAUDITED)
This press release contains financial measures not derived in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP measure are provided below.
Adjusted EBITDA, core EBITDA, core EBITDA margin and adjusted earnings are non-GAAP financial measures. Adjusted earnings per diluted share is defined as adjusted earnings on a diluted per share basis. Core EBITDA margin is defined as core EBITDA divided by net sales. The adjustment "Mill operational commissioning costs" represents costs incurred during the final stages of testing and commissioning of the Company's third micro mill, until the point at which the micro mill is fully operational. The adjustment "Settlement of New Markets Tax Credit transaction" represents the recognition of deferred revenue from 2016 and 2017 resulting from the Company's participation in the New Markets Tax Credit program provided for in the Community Renewal Tax Relief Act of 2000 during the development of a micro mill, spooler and T-post shop located in eligible zones as determined by the Internal Revenue Service.
Non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as alternatives for, the most directly comparable measures derived in accordance with GAAP and may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. However, we believe that the non-GAAP financial measures provide relevant and useful information to management, investors, analysts, creditors and other interested parties in our industry as they allow: (i) comparison of our earnings to those of our competitors; (ii) a supplemental measure of our underlying business operational performance; and (iii) the assessment of period-to-period performance trends. Management uses non-GAAP financial measures to evaluate financial performance and set target benchmarks for annual and long-term cash incentive performance plans.
A reconciliation of net earnings to adjusted EBITDA and core EBITDA is provided below:
Three Months Ended
Six Months Ended
(in thousands)
2/29/2024
11/30/2023
8/31/2023
5/31/2023
2/28/2023
2/29/2024
2/28/2023
Net earnings
$ 85,847
$ 176,273
$ 184,166
$ 233,971
$ 179,849
$ 262,120
$ 441,623
Interest expense
11,878
11,756
8,259
8,878
9,945
23,634
22,990
Income taxes
31,072
48,422
53,742
76,099
55,641
79,494
132,366
Depreciation and amortization
68,299
69,186
61,302
55,129
51,216
137,485
102,399
Asset impairments
4
-
3,734
1
36
4
45
Adjusted EBITDA
197,100
305,637
311,203
374,078
296,687
502,737
699,423
Non-cash equity compensation
14,988
8,059
16,529
10,376
16,949
23,047
33,624
Mill operational commissioning costs(1)
12,286
11,593
12,297
7,264
6,811
23,879
12,385
Settlement of New Markets Tax Credit transaction
-
-
-
-
(17,659)
-
(17,659)
Core EBITDA
$ 224,374
$ 325,289
$ 340,029
$ 391,718
$ 302,788
$ 549,663
$ 727,773
Net sales
$ 1,848,287
$ 2,003,051
$ 2,209,228
$ 2,344,989
$ 2,018,003
$ 3,851,338
$ 4,245,316
Core EBITDA margin
12.1 %
16.2 %
15.4 %
16.7 %
15.0 %
14.3 %
17.1 %
(1)
Net of depreciation .
A reconciliation of net earnings to adjusted earnings is provided below: